SWITCH STATEMENT

C language provides a special control structure called a switch that allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values.

SYNTAX:-

switch(expression)

{

case 1:

statement1;

break;

case 2:

statement2;

break;

.

.

.

.

.

default:

statement3;

break;

}

WORKING OF SWITCH STATEMENT:-

The following rules apply to a switch statement:−

1. The expression used in a switch statement must have an integral or enumerated type, or be of a class type in which the class has a single conversion function to an integral or enumerated type.
2. You can have any number of case statements within a switch. Each case is followed by the value to be compared to and a colon.
3. The constant-expression for a case must be the same data type as the variable in the switch, and it must be a constant or a literal.
4. When the variable being switched on is equal to a case, the statements following that case will execute until a break statement is reached.
5. When a break statement is reached, the switch terminates, and the flow of control jumps to the next line following the switch statement.
6. Not every case needs to contain a break. If no break appears, the flow of control will fall through to subsequent cases until a break is reached.
7. A switch statement can have an optional default case, which must appear at the end of the switch. The default case can be used for performing a task when none of the cases is true. No break is needed in the default case.

EXAMPLE:-

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int num=8;

switch (num)

{

case 7:

printf("value is 7");

break;

case 8:

printf("value is 8");

break;

case 9:

printf("value is 9");

break;

default:

printf("out of range"):

break;

}

return 0;

}